CRANKSHAFT: Describes the main rotating shaft running the engine's length, supported by main bearings where the turning motion of the crankshaft is transmitted to the transmission and eventually to the driving wheels.    

BALANCED CRANKSHAFT:  Describes a crankshaft with extended reinforcements to form counterbalancing or act as a vibration damper.
BIG END: Describes the end of the connecting rod that fits around the crankpin.
BIG-END BEARING: Describes the bearing at the end of the connecting rod that attaches to the crankshaft.
BIG-END BOLT: Describes one of the bolts attaching the big-end cap to the connecting rod.
DEGREE WHEEL: Describes wheel-like disc divided into 360 equal parts attached to the engine crankshaft to set the valves' timing to a higher degree of accuracy.
COUNTERWEIGHT: Describes the weight added to a rotating shaft to balance normal loads on the part and offset vibration. Counterweights are often used on the crankshaft as well as the flywheel and driveshaft.
CRANKCASE BLOCK: Describes the lower part of the engine that surrounds the crankshaft. It contains the crankshaft, piston cylinders, connecting rods and other moving parts of the engine.
CRANKCASE COMPRESSION: Describes the primary compression in a two-stroke engine located below the pistons and enables a fresher charge to be fed into the cylinder. Also called "crankcase pre-compression."
CRANKCASE DEPRESSION REGULATOR (CDR): Describes a device that aids in the control of crankcase gases by maintaining a specific amount of vacuum in the crankcase
CRANKCASE DILUTION: Describes an excessively rich fuel mixture allowing a certain amount of gasoline to pass down between the pistons and cylinder walls and dilute the engine oil.
CRANKSHAFT EMISSIONS: : Describes a situation where pollutants allowed to escape into the atmosphere from the crankcase.
CRANKSHAFT VENTILATION: : Describes air circulation through the crankcase of a running engine to remove water, blow-by, and other gases to prevent oil dilution and contamination, sludge formation, and pressure build-up.
CRANKING: : Describes the act of engaging the starter by turning the key in the ignition switch causes the engine to turn over. In the old days, a hand crank was used to do this, thus the term "cranking."
CRANKSHAFT COUNTERBALANCE: :  Describes a series of weights either attached to or forged integrally with the crankshaft and placed to offset the reciprocating weight of each piston and rod assembly.
CRANKSHAFT PULLEY: : Describes the wheel attached to the front end of the crankshaft connected by fan belts to the fan, the alternator, and other devices so that the rotating crankshaft can also drive these different parts.

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